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Strings ​

Jule strings are designed as UTF-8 encoded byte sequences. The jule::Str is used for Jule strings in C++. Strings are immutable unlike std::string.

Strings are length-based, not NULL termination based unlike C strings. This should be taken into account. It can cause various problems for interoperability. Read the interoperability section to get more information on this subject.

To create a jule::Str, you can use just string literals. If you want to specify length of the string, you can pass length as second argument.

For example:

cpp
jule::Str s1 = "Hello World!";
jule::Str s2("Hello World!", 12);
__jule_println(s1);
__jule_println(s2);

String is always heap allocated. However, if you want to use a literal that is not heap allocated, you can do this with the __jule_strBytePtr runtime API function. In case of any need, the string will be moved to the heap again, but until then heap allocation is not made.

For example:

cpp
jule::Str s = __jule_strBytePtr("Hello World!", 12);
__jule_println(s);

Allocation Strings with Buffering ​

You can allocate strings with the jule::Str::alloc method.

For example:

cpp
jule::Int len = 11;
jule::Str s;
s._slice = jule::Str::alloc(len);
s.buffer = jule::Str::buffer_t(s._slice);
std::strncpy(s, "hello world", len);
std::cout << s.operator char *() << std::endl;

Strings are always heap allocated for external source, even for pointers. When you need to preallocate a string buffer, do not allocate separately. Allocate a string buffer with the jule::Str::alloc static method. It returns pointer to the jule::U8 type.

Then create a buffer using pointer to perform GC. Do not forget the _slice field should be assigned to the allocation. Then you have a string with preallocated buffer and GC. Ready to use.

WARNING

The alloc method will initialize the memory to zero.